Practice Quiz - Face and Pharynx

  1. Which elements are derived from neural crest?
    head mesenchyme
    hyoid bone
    C-cells or parafollicular cells of the thyroid
    thyroid cartilage
    all of the above are correct
  2. The laryngeal cartilages develop from branchial arches IV and VI.
    true
    false
  3. The parathyroid glands are derivatives of pharyngeal pouches III and IV.
    true
    false
  4. The hypobranchial eminence contributes to formation of:
    anterior portion of the tongue
    posterior portion of the tongue
    musculature of the tongue
    epiglottis
    palatine tonsil
  5. The fact that general and special sensory information from the posterior part of the tongue is carried by glossopharyngeal nerve indicates that this part of tongue is from branchial arch ____.
    I
    II
    III
    IV
    VI
  6. Myoblasts from the occipital myotomes are believed to give rise to the muscles of the:
    eye
    face
    ear
    jaw, for mastication
    tongue
  7. As a resident in pediatrics, you are called to see a newborn who has a unilateral cleft lip and a unilateral cleft of the primary palate. This condition is most likely the result of:
    failure of fusion of the mandibular prominences
    failure of fusion of the medial nasal processes
    failure of fusion of the maxillary prominence with the medial nasal prominence
    failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes with the nasal septum
    failure of fusion of the paired lateral palatine processes
  8. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the first branchial arch?
    malleus
    mandibular process
    sphenomandibular ligament
    stylohyoid ligament
    maxillary process
  9. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the 2nd branchial arch?
    stapes
    superior portion of body of hyoid bone
    sphenomandibular ligament
    stylohyoid ligament
    lesser cornu of the hyoid bone
  10. Which structures are derived from the intermaxillary segment of the embryonic face?
    philtrum
    anterior portion of the palate
    anterior portion of the upper jaws
    upper incisor teeth
    all of the above are correct
  11. The nasolacrimal groove separates the:
    mandibular and maxillary swellings
    lateral nasal swelling and maxillary swelling
    medial nasal swelling and maxillary swelling
    first and second branchial arches
    otic and optic vesicles
  12. Which of the following does NOT form from the thyroglossal duct?
    pyramidal lobe of the thyroid
    ectopic thyroid tissue
    thyroglossal cyst
    branchial fistula
  13. The secondary palate is formed by:
    fusion of palatal shelves
    posterior growth of the primary palate
    mesenchyme of the first arch
    cell death in the region of the oropharyngeal membrane
    more than one of the above
  14. The branchial, visceral, or pharyngeal arches are derived from:
    ectoderm
    endoderm
    both
    neither
  15. Many facial malformations are believed to be due to:
    a failure of the oral membrane to rupture
    a failure of neural crest cells to migrate into the facial processes
    a failure in growth of the head fold
    an abnormal persistence of the pharyngeal clefts
    none of the above
  16. The foramen cecum of the adult tongue:
    marks the point of embryonic evagination of the thymus gland
    divides the tongue into two parts, an anterior one-third and a posterior two-thirds
    marks the point of embryonic evagination of the thyroid gland
    develops into taste buds
    has no embryologic significance
  17. Identify the correct associations:
    primary palate - palatine shelves of maxillary processes
    neural crest cells - facial processes
    nasolacrimal groove - lateral nasal process and mandibular process
    cleft lip - medial & lateral nasal processes
  18. The pharyngeal arches are associated with each of the following EXCEPT :
    cartilaginous structures
    cranial nerves
    venous arches
    vascular components
    muscular components
  19. Which of the following malformations is NOT found in the "first pharyngeal arch syndrome"?
    abnormal external ear
    abnormal middle ear
    macrostomia
    thyroglossal duct cyst
    defect in lower eye lid
  20. The intermaxillary segment of the embryonic face gives rise to the philtrum of the upper lip, part of the maxilla with four incisor teeth and the triangular primary palate.
    true
    false
  21. Cleft palate results when the palatine shelves fail to fuse with the nasal septum.
    true
    false
  22. A syndrome involving a lack of pharyngeal pouch III would result in a lack of the thymus gland and palatine tonsil.
    true
    false
  23. Each pharyngeal arch includes:
    derivatives of ectodermal neural crest cells
    an aortic arch artery
    a mesodermal core from paraxial mesoderm
    a cranial nerve
    all of the above
  24. Which of the following are associated with the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
    the malleus bone
    facial nerve
    glossopharyngeal muscle
    the lower portion of the hyoid bone
    anterior belly of digastric
  25. 025 Identify the correct associations:
    external ear abnormality - mandibular and maxillary processes
    oblique facial cleft - frontal and maxillary processes
    cleft lip - maxillary & medial nasal processes
    macrostomia - mandibular and hyoid arches
    aglossia - mandibular arch
  26. Which of the following are associated with the 3rd pharyngeal pouch?
    parafollicular or calcitonin cells of the thyroid gland
    superior parathyroid gland
    thyroid gland
    thymus gland
  27. Branchial cysts or lateral cervical cysts:
    are found along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
    are formed from a rupture of the membrane between pharyngeal pouches and branchial clefts
    are remnants of the thyroglossal duct
    are found in front of the ear
  28. An absent lower jaw is called:
    micrognathus
    cleft lip
    macrostomus
    cheiloschisis
    agnathus
  29. In the process of face formation or construction, the first to come into being is the:
    orbital ridge
    upper jaw
    lower jaw
    ears
    nose
  30. Auditory ossicles develop from the condensed mesenchyme of the:
    third branchial arch
    fourth branchial arch
    both
    neither
  31. The third branchial arch cartilage gives rise to the:
    stylohyoid ligament
    thyroid cartilage
    styloid process
    greater cornu of the hyoid bone
    sphenomandibular ligament
  32. A small blind pit at the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that drips mucus is likely the persistence of the embryonic opening of the:
    first pharyngeal pouch
    third pharyngeal pouch
    second branchial groove
    second branchial groove and cervical sinus
    thyroglossal duct
  33. Which of the following develops from the connective tissue component of the second pharyngeal arch?
    thyroglossal duct
    malleus
    tympanic membrane
    laryngeal muscles
    mylohyoid muscle
    palatine tonsil
    lesser horn of hyoid bone
    superior parathyroid gland
    stylopharyngeus muscle
    nasolacrimal duct
    cricoid cartilage
    external auditory meatus
  34. Which of the following develops from the first pharyngeal cleft?
    thyroglossal duct
    malleus
    tympanic membrane
    laryngeal muscles
    mylohyoid muscle
    palatine tonsil
    lesser horn of hyoid bone
    superior parathyroid gland
    stylopharyngeus muscle
    nasolacrimal duct
    cricoid cartilage
    external auditory meatus
  35. Which of the following develops from the third pharyngeal arch?
    thyroglossal duct
    malleus
    tympanic membrane
    laryngeal muscles
    mylohyoid muscle
    palatine tonsil
    lesser horn of hyoid bone
    superior parathyroid gland
    stylopharyngeus muscle
    nasolacrimal duct
    cricoid cartilage
    external auditory meatus