Crest of greater tubercle
Scapula
Coracoid process
Clavicle
Cutaneous veins
Cephalic vein (in deltopectoral triangle or groove)
Basilic vein and system
Median cubital vein and variation
Dorsal venous arch
Cutaneous nerves
Anterior primary rami of spinal nerves
Lateral cutaneous nn. (anterior & posterior branches)
Superficial radial
Dorsal cutaneous digital of ulnar
Hand areas of median, ulnar, and radial
Posterior antebrachial cutaneous n. -- from radial n.
Lateral antebrachial cutaneous n. -- from musculocutaneous n.
Medial antebrachial cutaneous n. -- from medial cord
Supraclavicular n. (C3-4)
Neurovascular structures
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Thoracoacromial artery and vein
Long thoracic nerve
Muscles and related structures
Pectoralis major, minor
Clavipectoral fascia
Serratus anterior
Mammary gland
Nipple
Areola
Lobules & lobes
Ducts
Nerves & vessels (including lymphatics)
Boundaries of axilla
- anterior axillary fold - pectoralis major
- posterior axillary fold - teres major and latissimus dorsi
- medial - serratus anterior (chest wall)
- lateral - humerus
- superior - clavicle, scapula, & first rib
- floor - skin
Contents of axilla
- Fat and lymph nodes
- Axillary vein
- Axillary artery - continuation of subclavian a.
- Subdivided into 3 parts by pectoralis minor
- 1st part - 1 branch - highest or supreme thoracic
- 2nd part - 2 branches
- thoracoacromial
- lateral thoracic
- 3rd part - 3 branches
- anterior circumflex humeral
- posterior circumflex humeral
- subscapular - divides into circumflex scapular & thoracodorsal
- Relationship to brachial plexus and axillary sheath
- Brachial plexus
- Formation - roots (5), trunks (3), divisions (6), cords (3), and branches
- Nerves of plexus
- From roots
- dorsal scapular (C5)
- long thoracic (C5,6,7)
- From trunks
- suprascapular (from superior trunk)
- From divisions - none
- From cords
- lateral cord - 3 branches
- lateral pectoral
- lateral contribution to median n.
- musculocutaneous
- medial cord - 5 branches
- medial pectoral
- medial brachial cutaneous
- medial antebrachial cutaneous
- medial contribution to median n.
- ulnar
- posterior cord - 5 branches
- upper subscapular
- thoracodorsal (middle subscapular)
- lower subscapular
- axillary
- radial
Brachial plexus injuries
- Erb-Duchenne palsy - upper plexus
- Klumpke's palsy - lower plexus
- Nerve compression & lesion
Fascial compartments of arm
- Anterior compartment
- Muscles
- coracobrachialis
- biceps brachii (long & short heads)
- brachialis
- Nerve
- Posterior compartment
- Muscles
- triceps brachii (long, lateral & medial heads)
- anconeus
- Nerve & vessel
- radial n.
- deep brachial a.
- (ulnar n. - travels distally within)
- Neurovascular compartment
- Nerves of passage
- median
- medial antebrachial cutaneous
- Artery
Contents of cubial fossa
