Review Items - Female Reproductive Anatomy

Perineum: (N380 or TG6-25)

Anal triangle
Urogenital triangle

Osteology: (N 486, TG3-04)

Pubic symphysis (N248 or TG5-03)
Pubic arch (subpubic angle) (N248 or TG5-03)
Ischiopubic ramus (inferior ramus of the pubis + ramus of the ischium) (N486 or TG3-04 and TG3-04)
Ischial tuberosity & spine (N486 or TG3-04 and TG3-04)
Ischiopubic ramus (inferior ramus of the pubis + ramus of the ischium) (N486 or TG3-04 and TG3-04)
Obturator foramen, groove, and canal (N486, N352, N358, TG3-05, TG3-04, TG6-22)
Greater and lesser sciatic notch (foramina) (N486, N353, N503, TG3-04, TG3-28, TG6-06)
Sacroiliac joint (N248, N365, TG5-03, TG6-06)
Anterior (pelvic) sacral foramina (N157, TG6-04)
Coccyx (N248 or TG5-03)

Ligaments: (N 353, 503, TG6-06, TG3-28)

Sacrotuberal & sacrospinal ligaments (N352, N503, TG3-28, TG6-06)
Greater sciatic foramen
Lesser sciatic foramen
Obturator membrane (N351, TG6-03)

Muscles:

Obturator internus m. & fascia (pudendal canal) (N358, N360, N367, N369, N379, N503, TG6-21A, TG6-21B, TG3-28)

Arcus tendineus levatoris ani (N367, N369, TG6-21A, TG6-21B)

Ischiocavernosus m. (N 379, 382, TG6-27A, TG6-27B)
Bulbospongiosus m. (N 379, 382, TG6-27A, TG6-27B)
Sphincter urethrae m. (N 379, 382, 385, TG6-28A, TG6-28B)
Piriformis m. (N367, N369, 503, TG6-21A, TG6-21B)
Pelvic diaphragm (N367, N368, N369, N370, TG6-21A, TG6-21B, TG6-23A, TG6-23B)

Coccygeus m.

Levator ani m.

     Puborectalis m.

     Pubococcygeus

     Iliococcygeus

Urogenital hiatus

Nerves:

Sacral plexus (N412, N497, N499, TG3-25, TG6-18)

Lumbosacral trunk

Ventral rami of S1 to S4
Sympathetic

Superior hypogastric plexus (N409, TG5-39)

Hypogastric nn. (N409, TG5-39)

Sacral sympathetic trunk (N410, N412, TG6-18, TG6-19)

     Ganglia

     Gray rami communicantes

     Sacral splanchnic nn.
Parasympathetic (N410, N412, TG6-18, TG6-19)

Pelvic splanchnic nn.
Autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic) (N410, N412, TG6-18, TG6-19)

Inferior hypogastric (pelvic) plexus
Innervation of pelvic viscera (N410, N412, N415, N416, N417, TG6-18, TG6-19)

Uterus

Vagina

Urinary bladder

Rectum & anal canal Pudendal n. (N 404, 405, TG6-28A, TG6-28B, TG6-29A, TG6-29B, TG6-30A, TG6-30B)

Inferior rectal n.

Perineal n.

    Posterior labial/scrotal n.

Dorsal n. of clitoris/penis (N 404, 405, TG6-29A, TG6-29B, TG6-30A, TG6-30B)

Vessels

Common iliac a. & v. (N264, TG5-34)

External iliac a. & v. (N264, TG5-34)

     Inferior epigastric (N253, N255, TG5-07)

     Aberrant obturator aa.

Internal iliac a. & v. (N264, N402, N403, TG5-34, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

     Posterior division branches (N402,N403, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

          Iliolumbar a. (N264, N402, N403, TG5-34, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

          Lateral sacral a. (N264, TG5-34, N402, N403, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

          Superior gluteal a. (N502, N402, N403, TG3-29, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

     Anterior division branches (N402, N403, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

          Umbilical a. (N402, N403, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

               Superior vesical aa. (N402, N403, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

               Medial umbilical ligament (obliterated umbilical a.) (N253, N362, TG5-07, TG6-07, TG6-13)

          Obturator a. (N402, N487, TG3-54, TG6-17)

          Uterine a. (N402, N404, TG6-17)

          Vaginal a. (N402, N404, TG6-17)

          Middle rectal a. (N402, N403, N398, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

          Inferior gluteal a. (484, N402, N403, TG6-17A, TG6-17B)

          Internal pudendal a. & v. (N402, N404, N405, , TG6-17A, TG6-17B, TG6-28A, TG6-28B, TG6-29A, TG6-29B, TG6-30A, TG6-30B)

              Inferior rectal a.

              Perineal a.

                  Posterior labial/scrotal a.

              Deep a. of clitoris/penis (N 404 , 405, TG6-29A, TG6-29B, TG6-30A, TG6-30B)

              Dorsal a. of clitoris/penis (N 404, 405, TG6-29A, TG6-29B, TG6-30A, TG6-30B)

              Deep dorsal v. of clitoris/penis (N 265, 359, 381, 405, TG6-31B, TG6-32B)

Genitalia (female): (N377 or TG6-25)

Vulva
Mons pubis
Labia majora

Anterior commissure

Posterior commissure
Labia minora

Frenulum
Clitoris

Glans

Prepuce

Frenulum
Vestibule

External urethral meatus

Vaginal orifice

Erectile bodies: (N 379, 382, 418, TG6-27A, TG6-27B)

Corpus cavernosum clitoridis/penis

Crus
Corpus spongiosum

Vestibular bulb/Bulb of penis

Glans clitoridis/penis
Root and shaft of the clitoris/penis
Tunica albuginea (N 384, TG6-32B)
Deep clitoral/penile fascia (N 390, TG6-32B)

Urethra: (N 388, TG6-09A, TG6-09B)

Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Spongy/penile urethra

Miscellaneous:

Ischioanal fossa (N 379, TG6-26A, TG6-26B)
Perineal body (female) (N 379, 382, TG6-26A, TG6-26B) or central tendinous point (male)
Greater vestibular gland (N 379, TG6-27A)
Perineal membrane (N 379, 381, TG6-27A, TG6-27B)
Arcuate pubic ligament (N 357, 383, TG6-24A, TG6-24B)
Lymphatics of the pelvis and perineum (N 257, 387, TG6-33, TG6-34)

Female:

Male:

Peritoneum Vesicouterine pouch (N360 or TG6-08) Rectouterine pouch (N360, TG6-08) Suspensory ligament of ovary (N371, N400, TG6-11, TG6-12) Broad ligament (N371, TG6-08, TG6-11, TG6-12)      Mesovarium      Mesometrium      Mesosalpinx Ovary Ovarian ligament Ovarian artery and vein Uterine tube (N371, TG6-08, TG6-11, TG6-12) Ostium Fimbriae Infundibulum Ampulla Isthmus Uterus (N371TG6-08, TG6-11, TG6-12) Round ligament (N362 or TG6-07, TG6-13, N369) Fundus (N371, TG6-11, TG6-12) Body (N371, TG6-11, TG6-12) Isthmus (N371, TG6-11, TG6-12) Cervix (N371, TG6-11, TG6-12) Uterine lumen (cavity) (N371, TG6-08, TG6-12) Ostium (N371, TG6-08, TG6-12) Cervical canal (N371, TG6-08, TG6-12) Uterine artery & vein (N400, 402,404, TG6-11, TG6-17) Vagina (N370,TG6-08, TG6-11) Fornices (N361 or TG6-08,  N371) Urethra (NN366 or TG6-10, N378 or TG6-10) Membranous urethra Sphincter urethrae m.

Peritoneum Rectovesical pouch (N361 or TG6-31) Tunica vaginalis (N387 or TG6-31, N390)      Parietal layer      Visceral layer Testis (N390, TG5-10, TG6-31, TG6-32) Convoluted seminiferous tubules Tunica albuginea Epididymis      Head      Body      Tail Spermatic cord (N387 or TG6-31) Testicular artery Pampiniform plexus of veins Ductus deferens (N361 or TG6-31, N384 or TG6-10,N387 or TG6-31)      Ampulla (N384 or TG6-10) Seminal vesicle (N384 or TG6-10) Ejaculatory duct (N384 or TG6-10) Prostate (N384 or TG6-10) Prostatic urethra      Urethral crest      Prostatic sinus      Colliculus seminalis Puboprostatic ligament (N365 or TG6-09) Urethra (N385) Prostatic urethra Membranous urethra Sphincter urethrae m. (N361 or TG6-08,NN366 or TG6-10,N385) Spongy (penile) urethra

Urinary stress incontinence
Iatrogenic injury to ureters
Kegel exercises
Pudendal nerve block
Episiotomy
Ischioanal abscess
Cervical cancer
Hysterectomy/oophorectomy
Ectopic pregnancy
STD/infection resulting in infertility
Hysterosalpingography
Prolapse of uterus
Cesarean or C-section